We selected potential confounders based on prior knowledge and literature or change-in-estimate principles (Maldonado and Greenland 1993).
Based on prior knowledge of potential determinants of early childhood development and/or change-in-estimate principles, all mental and motor outcomes, for consistency, were adjusted for covariates that satisfied these criteria.
The first step is to estimate the principle directions of the tensor or the orientation distribution function (ODF) in each voxel, which are used to quantitatively analyze the local white matter morphometry and probe the white matter fiber tracts in the following steps.
The composition of the combustion gases was estimated by principle of free energy minimum.
From Eq. (1), it can be easily seen that the number of tags can be estimated, in principle, from the expected number of colliding transmissions.
Our results imply that for the general class of cancer models considered here, only certain specific parameter combinations should be estimated in principle, and this is the case whatever the size of the dataset being considered.
The number of such segments have been estimated directly from pair-wise LD between markers [27] and closely related measures, such as the number of independent tests on the genome, have been estimated using principle component analysis [28] and have been derived analytically for specific experimental designs [29].
Mutation rate can be estimated in principle by the number of nucleotide differences between two sequences divided by twice their divergent time, i.e., the time to their most recent common ancestor.
One could in principle estimate how many codes have such a property, and thereby estimate how much optimality would be "left on the table" simply because of the nature of the evolutionary process.
At present the firm, whose clients are hedge funds and other asset managers, is expecting growth of 0.26% in the second quarter—somewhat more sluggish than Markit's estimate.In principle, the model-based approach might appear superior because it exploits more information.
