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Using this estimate in the sample size calculation gives 197 in each arm of the trial, assuming 90% power at the 5% significance level.
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Headache prevalence was estimated in the sample (3 month prevalence).
The U.K. provides another example of poor estimation where it was found the actual cost of waste to be on average 25 times that estimated in the sample of businesses examined (Phillips et al. 1999).
Prevalences were estimated in the sample with complete anthropometry data excluding pregnant women.
The equivalent power estimates in the sample of 6032 offspring with fetal genotype available from smoking pregnancies and 19 058 offspring from non-smoking pregnancies were 88% and >99%, respectively.
P < 0.05 two-tailed was considered significant, and confidence intervals at 95%9595% CI) were used for the logistic regression multivariate estimated in the sample.
Furthermore, if the median OS among all patients is substantially different than estimated in the sample size calculation, the DSMC can recommend increasing or decreasing the target accrual in order to maintain statistical power.
Furthermore, if the QOL scores among all patients are substantially different than estimated in the sample size calculation, the DSMC can recommend increasing or decreasing the target accrual in order to maintain statistical power.
Thus applying the estimates in the sample size calculation formula for simple random sampling, and correcting for a finite population we planned to sample 125 herds represented as 53, 48 and 24 herds for Blue Lagoon, Lochinvar and Kazungula, respectively.
Concordance with the guideline for exercise therapy was higher in the control group than had been estimated in the sample size calculation, but it was much lower than estimated for the relaxation and lifestyle change therapy.
However, what would happen if a variance component other than the one estimated in the sample was used or if fortuitously, the variance component given by the sample was very different from the true one?
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