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It is clear that gain errors have serious influence on the following position error estimation and it is necessary to estimate gain errors first.
Step 1 Estimate gain errors based on (31) and compensate the received data using estimated gain errors.
In [12], Equation (10) is used to estimate gain errors, which means g ^ = abs Q − 1 w w T Q − 1 w, (27).
Here, the method in [18] is used to estimate gain errors g m ^ = 1 P ∑ f d R SS f d mm − σ n 2 R SS f d 11 − σ n 2 m = 1, …, M, (31).
The development of a survival probability tool or more sophisticated tools to estimate gain of quality adjusted life years would enable the development and implementation of more objective guidance for patients on the potential benefits of renal transplantation.
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In [12], a two-step iterative auto-calibration method is presented to estimate gain-phase and position errors.
According to [12], the cost function to estimate gain-phase errors is J p = ∑ i = − I I | | U H Γ a i | | 2, (9).
Most dramatically, Internet entrepreneur Jack Ma by our estimate gained paper wealth of around $350 million when Yahoo acquired a 40% stake in his online auction site.
Life-tables analyses were used to estimate gains in life expectancy for the exposures.
Nor have any studies sought to estimate gains in life expectancy as a result of improved nutritional care.
After estimating gain errors, phase and position error estimations will be considered in the following.
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