Methyl ester content of biodiesel was determined as 90.04 98.85%.
In these conditions, 97 wt% methyl ester content biodiesel was achieved.
The melting temperature decreased with increasing 1,4-butyleneisophthalamide ester content.
The reaction system successfully attained the methyl ester content of over 30% along with reduced viscosity and water content.
Experimental yields reached > 90% ester content in the biodiesel, with a catalyst prepared under mild pyrolysis conditions.
The results of the chemical analyses, except the fatty acid ethyl ester content, obtained from the nine labs were consistent giving rise to the same quality grade.
Under the optimal conditions, the methyl ester content was 94% and the catalyst successfully reused for at least 7 cycles without significant deactivation.
All the factors studied had a positive influence on methyl ester content and acid value, except the methanol amount on acid value.
The response variables were methyl ester content (ME) and acid value (AV) due to their relationship with the completion and yield reaction, respectively.
The lipid extraction was optimized and achieved 21.3%; physicochemical properties were characterized and found 11.7% of FFA, iodine value 72% and 99.2% of ester content.
The findings of the study suggest that the use of biodiesel with significant saturated methyl ester content can be extended in colder months of the year.
