Large-scale biogas production may either be realized by governmental planning, irrespective of competitiveness, such as in the 1970s in China (see 'Background' section), or in a framework of competition on the market, possibly with initial subsidies to support the establishment of the technology as it was the case in Germany (see 'Background' section).
Difficulties with thermochemical processes due to low biomass density and development of complementary processes, as the Fisher-Tropsh process, considerably inhibit the establishment of these technologies.
The second change is the establishment of the Strategic Centers for Science, Technology and Innovation (CSTI, Finnish acronym SHOK).
We present analytic calculations and numerical simulations to determine the conditions for the establishment of the new technology.
Oxford academics were already entrepreneurial in the 1950s, but it was not until the establishment of the university's technology transfer office in 1988, Isis Innovation, that Oxford became "arguably the UK's most entrepreneurial university" [ 94].
Meanwhile, via the utilization of comprehensive applications under the aiding of the systematic knowledge framework, researchers may broaden their insights into the derivation and establishment of novel technologies to analyze the more detailed process of embryogenesis and adult neurogenesis.
Because of the establishment of high-throughput technologies for proteomics, the amount of data generated in MS-based proteomics experiments and stored in public repositories has grown rapidly (2).
This work was supported by the Japan Science and Technology CREST grant program for the "Establishment of core technology for the preservation and regeneration of marine biodiversity and ecosystems", Grant Number JPMJCR11A2.
Modern techniques such as the omics, coupled to bio-informatic and chemical computational systems, should guide the establishment of innovative technologies for agricultural practices.
The discovery of DNA and chromosomes paved the way for the rapid improvement in genetics and establishment of new technologies that have taken place over the last 50 years.
