Sentence examples for establishment of methylation from inspiring English sources

CTCF binding plays an important role in the establishment of methylation in imprinted genes [49].

The initial establishment of methylation (de novo methylation) in all three sequence contexts requires the DOMAINS REARRANGED METHYLASE 2 DNA methyltransferase (DRM2) [11].

Lsh has been reported to play a role in the establishment of methylation in at least one CpG in the promoter of Oct-4 (HpyCH4 IV site, see asterisk in Figure 2) [11].

Recent findings also suggest that CTCF binding is not the mechanism for establishment of methylation in the male germ line but only in somatic cells and female germ line [77], [78], [79].

DRM2 appears to be guided by 24 nucleotide small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), because the establishment of methylation is blocked by mutations in several RNA silencing genes that control siRNA biogenesis or utilization including ARGONAUTE4 (AGO4), RNA DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE2 (RDR2), DICER-LIKE3 (DCL3), RNA POLYMERNAE IVa (NRPOLYMERASE POLYMERASE IVa (NRPD1a), and DRNA [12]–[19].

In order to dissect the establishment of methylation in the upstream region of the gene, mouse ES cells were differentiated in vitro for nine days: LIF was removed from the medium on day 1 and, 3 days later, retinoic acid (RA) was added for up to 6 days.

Furthermore, by day 21, the wildtype lines are increasingly unmethylated, until by day 28, 83% of clones are unmethylated, and the remaining 17% are only hemi-methylated and by day 35 wildtype lines have initiated re-establishment of methylation with 61% of clones fully methylated.

The subsequent re-establishment of methylation marks occurs at a slower rate, and to a lesser extent, in the extra-embryonic lineage compared to somatic tissues [ 34].

Genome-wide demethylation waves in the early embryo erase most germline methylation patterns, followed by de novo methylation and establishment of somatic methylation patterns.

A functional role of histone modifications in imprinting control is indicated by the observation that the KDM1B-directed removal of H3K4 methylation is a prerequisite for establishment of DNA methylation imprints at maternally methylated ICRs (18).

Such a model would also agree with our previous observation that, in the initial process of establishment of DNA methylation upon Cre-LoxP interaction, non-CpG methylation occurred only after the establishment of CpG methylation [12].