Sentence examples for establishment and fixation from inspiring English sources

For population size N=10and u=10−6, a single beneficial mutation of strength s b =0.01 is expected to have establishment and fixation times of t est ≈2857 and t fix ≈460 generations.

For a low supply rate of beneficial mutations, we set τ=10000 generations, so that establishment and fixation of one beneficial mutation is likely to occur before a second positively selected site is introduced.

Using scenario S4 as a reference for successful establishment and fixation of coherence, a reduction of the starting frequency a1 from 0.3% to 0.05% (S5) results in the failure of establishment despite an initial increase until generation 22 (a1 = 0.11%).

While the first effect promotes increase of A1 and a simultaneous increase of the population fitness, the second effect enables a rapid change of the frequency structure at locus B but at the same time reduces the population fitness and especially the fitness of A1 A1 types, thus reducing the chances for establishment and fixation of coherence.

The haplotype network suggests 11 main lineages that probably differentiated in small allopatric populations at the same time, which could have led to establishment and fixation of important karyotypic differences [ 64, 90]), possibly involving presently unknown means of sex determination [ 91].

Since our major concern is the study of the conditions for establishment and ultimate fixation of increased coherence, all scenarios are characterized by initial conditions for genotypic frequencies, in which the mutant A1 is represented at low frequency and frequencies at the B-locus are close to equilibrium.

We have identified a role for fatty acid biosynthesis, and SACPD activity in particular, in the establishment and maintenance of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.

A tight connection between zinc and phosphorous uptake in plants has been observed, and a large requirement for phosphorous was demonstrated both during nodule development and establishment of nitrogen fixation under low nitrogen conditions [64].

Cognate genes involved in nodule development and the establishment of N fixation have been identified and cloned from multiple species [ 42, 43].

Initial migration of cementless implants can be explained as the period of establishment of biological fixation, and at the proximal tibia this mechanism faces challenges including heat necrosis of the bone surface after the cutting process (Toksvig-Larsen et al. 1990) and setting of the tibial component on the slightly irregular, cut tibial surface (Toksvig-Larsen and Ryd 1991).

Open reduction and fixation surgery.