In addition, a Web-based databank containing information about the established stem cell lines will be created to serve as an ?interface" to the scientific community.
A recent review of the global landscape of stem cell clinical trials shows 'novel' applications - trials that do not involve established stem cell therapies - have grown dramatically, particularly using tissue-specific stem cells[2].
The current assay to establish stem cell function of differentiation and self-renewal, is exemplified by the capacity of a single prospectively isolated HSC to reconstitute, serially and long term, multilineage hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated recipient mice.
To further study the underlying molecular mechanism for the development and maintenance of these adult stem cells, we have cloned and characterized the orphan leucine-rich repeat G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5), a well established stem cell marker in the adult mouse intestinal crypt [16], [17], [18].
The asterisks denote established stem cell markers.
The relationship between such precursor cells and cancer stem cells is uncertain, as is the relevance of established stem cell markers in identifying these cells.
6– 8 Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) represent one of the best established stem cell lines, with well defined protocols for cell purification, amplification, and transplantation.
Stem cells have unique biological characteristics, but only a limited number of genes are currently recognized as established stem cell markers.
69, 70 Co-expression of nestin with other established stem cell markers (e.g., Oct3/4 or Sox-2) was shown in circulating breast cancer cells.
The TIC nature of PSs is supported by their increased tumorigenicity in mouse xenograft studies, as well as by their increased expression of several established stem cell markers.
