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Although some miRNAs have been shown to exert a disruptive effect on skeletal muscle differentiation at least in cell culture models [ 70], in most cases, it remains to be established whether the changes in miRNA expression levels are causally involved in these diseases or are secondary to the degeneration/regeneration response of the affected muscle tissue.
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To establish whether the changes in growth and apoptosis induced by DCA correlated with reduced glycolysis, we measured lactate levels in growth media.
To investigate changes in the frequency of participation 6 months poststroke compared with prestroke; and to establish whether the change is associated with participation restrictions and satisfaction with participation 6 months poststroke.
The presence of a structural brain change in this disorder provides an impetus to further research to establish whether the change is pathological or iatrogenic and whether it may be of diagnostic utility.
Because there is no a priori way to predict whether any one of the identified synonymous and noncoding somatic alterations disrupts function, analysis unique to each gene will be required to establish whether the change is functional.
We aimed to establish whether the change in one intervention was significantly greater than the control group over the 12 month follow-up that is, ifollow-up thate lisear contrasts (rather than quadratif contretrospectiveignificant, which woulinearicontrastsge overather rathan than just a difference at one time point.
To address this question, it will first have to be established whether the observed changes in miRNA expression levels due to environmental exposures are the result of a direct effect or a surrogate indication of a different mechanism.
Studies to date however have not established whether these changes are correlated with increased survival in humans or animal models that have cardiomyopathy as the primary defect.
It remains to be established whether these changes in intracellular volume also occur in cells growing in tissues, and if so, what triggers them, what mechanisms are responsible for their regulation, and what, if any, is the importance to the physiology of the cell.
However, it remains to be firmly established whether these changes are causal or secondary to physiological changes or perhaps pharmacologically induced.
To establish whether the observed changes in APP, tau and TXN protein levels in hippuristanol treated cells were due to changes in new protein synthesis rather than turnover, synthesis rates were measured by immunoprecipitation following 35S-methionine labeling of SH-SY5Y cells (figure 2B).
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