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Statistical significance was established by means of χ test or by Fischer's exact test when expected cell frequencies were less than 5. OR and 95% CIs were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Significance thresholds for the presence of QTL were established by means of a permutation test [ 23], using 100 permutations for each of three traits with different ranges, indicating that the maximum percentage variance explained for any of these permuted traits was 6.3%.
This method is well established by means of the amplitude sweep test (AST) to detect viscoelastic properties of soils, i.e. stress-strain relationships under transient stresses that occur due to wheeling or trampling.
The best model was then established by means of a likelihood ratio test.
Moreover, taking into account discriminative features established by means of the Mann-Whitney test, the author proposed a classification scheme of particles originating from the four ammunition types into one of three classes.
The measurement invariance of the competency test can also be established by means of a number of different DIF tests.
The correct model behavior is established by means of a series of widely used test cases.
Simply put, facts are established by means of statistical inference.
Furthermore, red clover is very easily and quite cheaply established by means of frost-seeding.
For each reduction case the relevant Hamiltonian structure is established by means of quadratic-form identity.
PCR amplification efficiency was established by means of calibration curves.
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