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The scheme is established by introducing the auxiliary variable and applying the (L2-1_{sigma}) formula to approximate the time Caputo fractional derivative.
An alternative condition can be established by introducing the function f ( t ) = t 1 + ω t 1 / α ̂ − 1 α, (21).
To overcome such deficiencies, the chaos-PSO (COSPSO) algorithm was established by introducing the chaos optimization mechanism and a global particle stagnation-disturbance strategy into bPSO.
The optimized mathematical model is established by introducing the minimum out-of-band radiation criterion [5] that can be expressed as follows: J = frac{1}{{2pi }}intlimits_{- infty }^{+ infty} {gleft omega right)} {left| {Sleft omega right)} right|^{2}}domega (4).
The beam-foundation interaction force that only reacts in compression is established by introducing the hyperbolic tangent function, and the steady temperature field is deduced by solving the one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer equation.
For the improved three-level (TL) buck direct current-direct current (DC-DC) switching converter which is a high-order, discrete, non-linear, and time-variant dynamic system, the work multi-modalities and principle are analyzed, and the state space equation model is established by introducing the switch cycle averaging operator under low-frequency, small ripple, and small-signal assumption.
Similar(52)
To describe the DRX based void evolution and predict ductile fracture in hot working process, an extended damage model was established by introducing Xdrx into the void-based GTN-Thomason ductile fracture model, which is termed as the extended GTN-Thomason model in this research.
Group 4 was established by introducing TSE-free dams into the lambing environment after the removal of the VLA scrapie flock ewes.
The image reconstruction scheme of the 3D ECT is established by introducing a 3D sensitivity matrix into the NN-MOIRT algorithm, developed earlier by the authors.
The relationship between the momentum transfer terms in the Eulerian two-fluid model and the particle forces have been established by introducing a statistical averaging and the equation of motion for a single particle.
Experimentally, a ratio can be established by introducing a fluorescent marker in the ESCs to determine the ratio of fluorescent versus non-fluorescent cells in the target tissue in chimeric mice.
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