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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

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established as under

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "established as under" is not standard in written English and may cause confusion.
It could be used in legal or formal contexts where one is referring to a specific status or condition that has been set forth in a document. Example: "The terms of the agreement are established as under the following conditions outlined in section 3."

Science

News & Media

Academia

Encyclopedias

Formal & Business

Wiki

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

60 human-written examples

After identifying EG entries common to all the six studies, statistical tests (permutational t-test for microarray data and Audic and Claverie test for SAGE data) have been performed on meta-profiles. Figure 4 shows the meta-profiles of the genes that were established as under- (88) and overexpressed (65) in at least five RMS expression datasets.

However, instead of receiving protection from the authorities, Fauziya was incarcerated for 16 months in New Jersey prisons because FGM was not yet established as persecution under United States' laws.

News & Media

Huffington Post

Other work suggests that reactive oxygen species activate brainstem respiratory neurons [ 24], but this suggestion needs to be established as occurring under normobaric conditions.

By the mid-17th century, Takeshima was established as Japanese territory under the Shogunate.

News & Media

The New York Times

CISE was originally established as the Columbia Radiation Laboratory CRLL) under the directorship of Professor I. I. Rabi on March 1 , 1942to participate in the development of radar and related research critical to the United States in World War II.

These organizations were established as nonprofit corporations under a section of the tax law, 501(c)(4), and the rules governing them say their primary purpose cannot be political.

News & Media

The New York Times

For instance, the Yangon Institute of Technology, the premier engineering university in Myanmar, was established as the Department of Engineering under Rangoon University in 1924.

They include five great medieval abbey churches established as new cathedrals under Henry VIII: Bristol, Chester, Gloucester, Oxford, and Peterborough.

Alkaline phosphatase staining was also carried out on the MCF10a cell line, which was previously established as non-mineralising under the same experimental conditions (Table 1).

The Bureau shall pay an employer contribution to the Federal Reserve System Retirement Plan, in the amount established as an employer contribution under the Federal Employees Retirement System, as established under chapter 84 of title 5 for each Bureau employee who elects to participate in the Federal Reserve System Retirement Plan.

Terrorism had not been clearly established as a war crime under international law.

News & Media

The New York Times
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Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "established as under", ensure that the context clearly indicates a formal setting or a specific rule/law that governs the establishment. Clarity is key to avoid ambiguity.

Common error

Avoid using "established as under" in informal or conversational settings. This phrase is best suited for legal, regulatory, or formal documentation.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

80%

Authority and reliability

3.5/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The phrase "established as under" typically functions as a qualifier, specifying the conditions or authority by which something is created or recognized. It indicates a formal or regulated foundation. As noted by Ludwig AI, the phrase is not standard in written English and may require careful contextualization.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

Science

20%

Academia

20%

News & Media

15%

Less common in

Formal & Business

15%

Encyclopedias

15%

Wiki

15%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "established as under" is used to specify the authoritative basis upon which something is founded, often in formal legal, regulatory, or scientific contexts. As Ludwig AI notes, the phrase is not standard in written English and more common alternatives, like "defined according to" or "recognized under", may provide greater clarity. When writing, remember that its formal tone suits specific situations where precision is critical and that clarity should be prioritized.

FAQs

How can I rephrase "established as under" to sound more natural?

Consider alternatives such as "defined according to", "recognized under", or "created within the framework of" depending on the specific context. For instance, try "defined according to" or "recognized under".

Is "established as under" grammatically correct?

While not strictly incorrect, "established as under" is not a standard phrase in everyday English. Ludwig AI suggests it may sound unnatural and recommends alternative phrasing for improved clarity.

In what contexts is "established as under" most appropriate?

This phrase is most suitable in formal, legal, or regulatory contexts where specific rules or laws govern the establishment of something. Use it when you want to emphasize the authoritative basis for something's establishment.

What are some common synonyms for "established as under" in legal documents?

Common synonyms include "stipulated by", "prescribed by", or "mandated by". These alternatives often convey a similar level of formality and precision.

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Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: