They decided it needed special monitoring and established a counter-terrorism and crimefighting centre based in the Barcelona consulate.
It has had a counter-terrorism coordinator since 2004, implemented a continent-wide arrest warrant that expedites the extradition of terrorism suspects, established a counter-terrorism centre within Europol, and approved passenger name records (PNR) for flights entering and departing the EU.
"Amplifying factual information regarding these areas is an important aspect of establishing a counter narrative to ISIL's propaganda and disinformation campaign," David told VICE News.
In addition the DfE is establishing a counter-extremism steering group.
It did so by recognising the importance of such strategies in a Counter-Terrorism White Paper, establishing a Countering Violent Extremism Unit within the attorney general's department, and allocating $9.7m over four years for a range of community-based projects.
Matt Freeman is suspicious, suggesting that, "Frankly, this seems like the sort of thing a sophisticated marketing firm would do in order to establish a counter-presence in the blogosphere without going on the record".
The anthology made it possible to link the fractured stanzas of Celan ("no one / bears witness for the / witness") to the lyrics of Mahmoud Darwish, another poet of traces and inscriptions, whose verse establishes a counter-history of Palestine.
We are asked to believe that Mundy -- who was once a spy, trained in counterintelligence -- would buy into an absurd proposition from a sinister billionaire named Dimitri, who spouts anti-American polemics and plans to establish a "Counter-University" to build an "ever-growing army of renegades".
The Soviet Union objected to the creation of the telemetry program and threatened to establish a counter-station.
The goal of Lee Circle and other memorials strewn across the South was to glorify the rebel leaders and to establish a counter-narrative in which they were true patriots.
To support the work of independent organizations, the EU should establish a counter-influence task force that would coordinate the work of intelligence agencies and function as an information hub by releasing declassified research to civil society groups. .
