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The objective of the immunization activities would be to ensure that imported virus is not allowed to establish transmission locally.
The model suggests that even Sabin IPV seed strains may establish transmission if released in high-R0 populations.
Finally, the nature of the species barrier and the factors that enable pathogens to cross these barriers and establish transmission among humans are largely unknown.
If EIPM remains above its threshold EIP* = 1/ 1-R0), then transmission eventually stops, while for EIPM < EIP* transmission can continue and imported viruses can establish transmission.
The majority of the outbreaks trace back to long-term iVDPV excretors, who can re-introduce polioviruses years after OPV cessation when population immunity to transmission becomes low enough to allow these viruses to establish transmission and cause outbreaks.
The Eurasian avian to swine transmission was permanent and involved continued swine-to-swine transmission, whereas the H5N1 and H9N2 avian strains were not sufficiently adapted to humans to establish transmission in the new human host.
Similar(52)
In a circular structure based on a material of such properties, constructive and destructive interference of the clockwise and counter-clockwise propagating waves can exist at different nodes around the circular resonator, thus establishing transmission and isolation through ports situated at these nodes.
The protocol establishes transmission of the primary message in two phases.
Mathematical simulations using adaptations of established transmission models [29], suggest that appropriate trap devices baited with these lures could reduce exposure to malaria, and effectively complement ITNs in areas of highly intense malaria transmission in Africa (Okumu et al., Unpublished).
Nonetheless, these results suggest that between 1999 and 2003, the estimated date of infection seemed to play a larger role than geographic location at establishing transmission chains in CRF01_AE IDU from Bangkok (Table S2).
However, established transmission foci in Argentina are unknown.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com