Magnesium is a cofactor in >300 enzymatic reactions and thus it is essential for many crucial physiological functions, such as heart rhythm, vascular tone, nerve function and muscle contraction and relaxation.
ROS are essential for physiological functions such as gene expression, cellular growth, infection defense, and modulating endothelial function [4 6].
Accurate response to external directional signals is essential for many physiological functions such as chemotaxis or axonal guidance.
Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is essential for regulating physiological functions such as cell proliferation and differentiation [ 1].
These major axonal tracts connect distant regions of the developing brain, such as cortex, thalamus, and the brainstem, and are essential to basic physiological functions such as respiratory control.
Studies from knockout mice revealed that individual STAT protein is essential for various normal physiological functions such as embryonic development, cell differentiation, immune response, and organogenesis [ 4] (Table 1).
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential bioregulatory molecule with many physiological functions, such as blood pressure regulation, neural signal transmission, control vasodilatation, smooth muscle relaxation and immune response.
Cr III) compounds are even recognized as essential micronutrients that are involved in important physiological functions, such as the biological activity of insulin [ 3].
Ma and Betts (2000) stated that Zn constitutes about 33 ppm of adult body weight and is essential as a constituent of many enzymes involved in a number of physiological functions such as protein synthesis and energy metabolism.
Zinc constitutes about 33 ppm of adult body weight and is essential as a constituent of many enzymes involved in a number of physiological functions, such as protein synthesis and energy metabolism (Ma and Betts, 2000).
