Comparing global level of enzyme activities in ESCs and MEFs, especially those localized in lysosomes and peroxisomes, may give some clue to get the answer.
Various forms of p53 mutants have been found to block the extent of autophagic flux especially when localized in the cytoplasm.
From a clinical point of view, the compartmentalization of CAs is a promising new subject for the development of drugs modulating these enzymes, especially CA localized in the airway, the erythrocyte, and the diaphragm.
Although this technique has been proven to be safe and effective, delayed perforation was recently reported as a severe complication, especially for GISTs localized in the gastric fundus [ 5].
How the NPC-localized Ulp1 is targeted to these mitotic substrates, especially those that are localized in the cytosol, is not entirely clear.
Patchy fibrosis is the most important feature in the myocardium, especially when it is localized in subendocardial regions.
Especially, composites with the nanoplatelets localized in the fiber/matrix interface layer (fiber sizing) ensure much higher fatigue lifetime than those with the nanoplatelets in the matrix.
Intact oligosaccharides serve as a prebiotic to beneficial bacterial populations in the intestines, especially the Bifidobacterium bifidum genus localized in the colon [6].
Although it is well documented that a pool of PTEN protein is localized to the nucleus and gains new functions 19, it is controversial whether PTEN is localized in mitochondria, especially on the outer membrane of mitochondria or intermitochondria 20 20 20 20.
In addition, we showed that LHT7 was localized in the tumor, especially on the endothelial cells.
