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These results indicated that ESE-1 activated GP73 promoter.
pCR3.1-Δ ESE-1 was generated by removing the ETS domain (272 to 354 amino acids) of ESE-1 [ 12].
We wondered whether ESE-1 regulated GP73 expression.
These results indicated that ESE-1 upregulated GP73 expression.
We discovered that ESE-1 could significantly activate GP73 promoter.
Flag epitope-tagged ESE-1 from the pCI-ESE-1 plasmid [ 12] was subcloned into pCR3.1 plasmid with Hind III and EcoR V to produce pCR3.1-ESE-1 plasmid.
These findings signified that ESE-1 overexpression increased GP73 expression.By preparing an efficient retroviral shRNA vectors for ESE-1, we also assessed whether ESE-1 upregulated GP73 expression in the presence of IL-1β.
To further confirm that ESE-1 is responsible for the elevated GP73 expression, a mutant form of ESE-1 [ 12] (lacking ETS domain, which was required for ESE-1 binding) (ΔESE-1) was constructed.
To illustrate details of how ESE-1 regulated GP73 expression, ESE-1 (or ΔESE-1) and GP73 promoter reporter vectors were co-transfected into hepatocytes, Huh7 and Hep3B.
The GP73 promoter and pCR3.1-ESE-1 plasmid or Δ ESE-1 or empty vectors together with pRL-TK plasmids were cotransfected into the cells with Lipo2000™ (Invitrogen).
The results of the ChIP qPCR assay and deletion ESE-1 binding site mutants confirmed that multiple ESE-1 binding sites were available in GP73 promoter.
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