Altogether, 1255 patients were included into the 4D study, of which 1015 had a measurement of the ESA-Index at baseline.
We calculated the ESA hyporesponsiveness index (EHRI), defined as the weekly ESA dose per kilogram of body weight divided by the hemoglobin level (g/dL).
In the present study we calculated the ESA Resistance Index (ERI), defined as the weekly weight-adjusted ESA dose (U/kg/week) divided by hemoglobin level (g/dl).
The serum IL-6 levels were also correlated with ESA resistance index (r = 0.309, p = 0.027).
ESA hyporesponsivess index (EHRI), defined as the weekly ESA dose/kg/haemoglobin level (g/L), was calculated based on baseline ESA doses.
The response to treatment (erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) resistance index) was assessed from the ratio of the weekly erythropoietin (rhuEPO) dose to hemoglobin (Hb) per unit weight.
Serum levels of prohepcidin were not correlated with age, serum IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, albumin, hemoglobin levels and ESA resistance index values.
The primary outcome was the ESA resistance index (ERI), calculated as the weekly weight-adjusted ESA dose (units per kilogram of body weight per week) divided by the hemoglobin level (grams per deciliter).
Association of quartiles of baseline markers of inflammation with baseline ESA resistance index (ERI) in maintenance hemodialysis patients, including subjects not treated with ESA during one or more study visits during follow-up (n = 253).
Association of quartiles of baseline markers of oxidative stress with baseline ESA resistance index (ERI) in maintenance hemodialysis patients, including subjects not treated with ESA during one or more study visits during follow-up (n = 253).
Association of quartiles of time-averaged markers oxidative stress with mean ESA resistance index (ERI) over 6-month follow-up in maintenance hemodialysis patients, excluding subjects in PATH antioxidant treatment arm (n = 87).
