The item's low apparent repeatability may be due to unspecified measurement error, failure to interpret the concepts "know my way around" and/or "community" consistently, or real changes in the self-perceived level of community integration.
Because the dispersion in observed effects is partly spurious (it includes both real difference in effects and also random error), before trying to interpret the variation in effects we need to determine what part of the observed variation is real.
The median absolute deviation error test was applied to interpret the results.
The combination of confounding and measurement error makes it difficult to interpret the results of large studies when these show a small, but statistically significant, association of fruit and vegetables with cancer risk.
□ The error estimate presented in Lemma 1 enables us to interpret the error for any choice of (S, k h ) and k, enabling the derivation of different permutations.
The following procedure was adopted to interpret error-aware geospatial data files and build conduit (e.g. pipe) models in the augmented space.
By means of bias error formulas which are easy to interpret, the results for the rectangular and Hanning windows are compared with each other.
Although this uncertainty can be modelled (Vermunt, 2010), for simplicity, the latent class assignment was assumed to contain no error; therefore it is important to interpret the results with some caution.
Distribution-based methods, such as the standard error of measurement (SEM; for formula see Appendix), use statistical characteristics of the data (e.g., standard deviation and measurement precision of the instrument), and provide an estimation of test error which can be used to interpret a patients' score in a test.
Retallack speculates that errors in the models used to interpret geochemical data caused them to incorrectly estimate CO2 levels during the suspect warming periods.
