Exact(1)
In order to assess how the technical error sources (digitization error, preparation method, small sample size) and the biological, non-genetic factors such as age, size and plasticity might add up to influence the final shape measurements, we ran the following simulation using R and MorphoJ.
Similar(59)
Some plants in the 0.6 mM nitrate treatment grew extremely poorly leading us to suspect there had been an error in preparation of the nutrient solutions, and thus this treatment was excluded from analysis.
We had to exclude 2 implant pairs from the mechanical testing, 1 due to a surgical malalignment of the implant and 1 due to a technical error during preparation.
Ulbrich et al. [ 38] conducted a thorough assessment of PMF modeling of AMS data and discussed in detail several technical aspects of the analysis, including error matrix preparation, data pretreatment, selections of the optimum number of factors (P) and rotational forcing parameter (FPEAK), and evaluation of PMF solutions.
The study that defined errors in preparation and administration, found that the error rates were higher in the administration process compared to the preparation process for intravenous medications, and within the administration process the technique of administration of bolus injection was the most common error (43.4 %) [ 38].
Nickel titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments reduce working time, operator fatigue, and procedural errors during preparation [ 9].
Third, to decrease human factor errors, sample preparation was performed by two different people for the replicated reactions.
A challenge in this approach is certainly to distinguish between genuine mutations and artifacts due to PCR errors, library preparation, or sequencing and we therefore quality-filtered all sequences and only analyzed sequences with a frequency above 0.1%.
Previous studies have demonstrated that a double centrifugation method resulted in higher platelet concentrations [ 167, 168], but caused more alterations in platelet morphology and was more sensitive to small errors during preparation [ 168, 169] compared with the single centrifugation method.
With time, trial and error, such preparations were refined in an attempt to at least moderate the undesirable consequences to the host, but with the advent of safer and more effective synthetic anthelmintic compounds, they rapidly disappeared from the veterinary anthelmintic market [ 26].
Subclonal variants can be detected using the deep coverage of next-generation sequencing technologies, but their distinction from sequencing errors, library preparation and alignment artifacts suffers from an unfavorable signal to noise level (Gerstung et al., 2012; Schmitt et al., 2012).
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