MSE (mean square error) of time delay and frequency change with JNR (jammer-to-noise ratio) are shown in Figs. 3 and 4, respectively.
At the same time, it is difficult to eliminate the measurement error of estimated delay between the landmark and common router.
The translation parameters were introduced to reduce the influence of the common-mode noise caused by the reference station in RTK-GNSS processing, e.g., the model error of atmospheric delay and the coseismic displacement at the reference station.
For both cases, a series of mechanisms are generated using GPS, and the maximum error of ignition delays is similar or smaller comparing to the skeletal mechanisms generated using Path Flux Analysis method (Sun et al., 2010) with similar number of species.
We can also conclude that the error of the time delay is about 20 picoseconds.
From Eqs. (13), (14), and (12b), it is apparent that the error of the time delay between the landers and the antenna is influenced by the error of, and 2 π f1-f0).
In response, a new geolocation approach based on landmark calibration is present in this paper, and by taking the error of landmarks and delay as the deviations of landmarks, our approach can be used to estimate the location of a target IP while the landmarks and delay are inaccurate.
Taking all possible error of landmarks and delay as the deviation of a landmark, so, instead of a point, we use a possible area to indicate the landmark's position, and then a new geolocation approach to estimate the target's location based on landmark calibration is proposed.
Figure 3(a) presents the obtained group-delay responses while the absolute errors of group-delay and phase are shown in Figures 3(b) and 3(c), respectively, accompanying those of the Deng's method in Section 2. The related errors in (29) are tabulated in Table 1.
(a) Root-mean-square error of the time-delay estimations.
