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In [15], the maximum allowable quadratic phase error is determined as radian for the azimuth aperture.
To compare the accuracy of fault location based on different methods, the percentage error is determined as: % Error=frac{L_{Estimation}-{L}_{Actual}}{L_{ Line}}*100 (9).
In general, the value of residual error is determined as an indicator of the quality of photogrammetry modeling which entails manually matching feature points on the object.
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To estimate the geoid model, the well-known remove-compute-restore method is used while residual geoid heights are estimated through least-squares collocation so that associated errors are determined as well.
That k-value that generated the lowest cross-validation standard error was determined as being the most probable population sub-structuring.
In order to quantitatively evaluate the EEG source localization accuracy resulting from different BSCRs, the localization error was determined as the 3D distance between the simulated source location and the estimated source location.
Increasing the threshold for SNP discovery resulted in fewer sequencing errors being determined as SNP.
Using the ACE algorithm in the CGH-Explorer program, copy errors were determined as either copy gain or loss.
All the values of ln are known exactly, other errors in synchronous system are determined as well.
Its standard error is determined assuming Gaussian error propagation.
The relative quantity was determined as following.
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