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The size of the packet (frame) was set to 10 ms (160 samples for the wideband signal) and random packet (frame) losses were inserted by using the error insertion device (EID) in ITU-T G.191 software tool [30], which uses Gilbert and Bellcore models, with zero bit error rate and 0.5 of burst factor in which 0 and 1 indicate the totally random and burst error, respectively.
Table 5 Error test at 100 MHz clock frequency and 633.3 GB of data transferred Error insertion Amount of Amount of Retransmission rate (error/ms) inserted errors retransmitted data (Mb) time (ms) 1/4 849,871 25.93 ∼144.
# Tone Changes 3 4 5 Error insertion Tone injection Radial symmetric Method I Method II.
The time required for these retransmissions was approximately 144 ms. This time was measured considering the difference between the test with and without error insertion.
Error insertion (EI) method is a coding technique in which subcarriers are changed by intentionally inserting errors in these subcarriers in such a way that the resultant modified OFDM signal will have a reduced PAPR [12].
The performance of these two methods are slightly better than similar techniques such as error insertion and radial symmetric methods but it is achieved using low complexity single parity check product code.
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They are defined in terms of the number of substitution errors, deletion errors and insertion errors, reported for the total number of tested instances.
The KauNet host emulates the conditions of the particular link or network that is being emulated by means of bandwidth change, delay change, bit-error insertion, and/or packet loss patterns, as appropriate.
By using high-resolution patterns, KauNet enables deterministic and fully repeatable emulation of effects like packet loss, bit-errors insertion, bandwidth changes, and delay changes.
If multiple effects are to be emulated at the same time it is necessary to provide one pattern for each type of emulation effect, that is, packet loss, bit-errors insertion, bandwidth change, and delay change.
We model fixed percentages of deletion errors, insertion errors and substitutions.
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