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Finally, we demonstrate that most anchored alignment techniques suffer a bias leading to erroneous alignment of unrelated sequence in regions containing differential gene content.
Erroneous alignment can result in apparent phylogenetic signal among non-homologous sites (or gaps) and thus mislead tree reconstruction [ 24].
However, Lunter et al. (2008) demonstrated that erroneous alignment is negligible for divergences as low as that between the human and chimpanzee genomes.
Potential inaccuracies of models arise from structural divergence between the template and the target during evolution, but also from the modeling process itself, e.g. erroneous alignment(s) of the target sequence to the template(s), or incorrect modeling of loops or amino acid side-chain conformations.
Calling of candidate SNP positions in other regions of the Arabidopsis genome may be a consequence of the fact that our region of interest is particularly rich in sequence repeats, leading to erroneous alignment of some reads to other regions of the Arabidopsis genome.
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We also apply a probabilistic alignment filtering method to remove erroneous alignments of unrelated sequences, which are commonly observed in other genome alignment methods.
Our third algorithmic contribution is the application of a homology hidden Markov model (HMM) to reject such erroneous alignments of unrelated sequence.
Erroneous alignments are removed and the result is a set of accurate word alignments from TermColl.
However, mismatches and gaps generated at inverted sites are a result of erroneous alignments.
Seven genes/probe sets with ambiguous or erroneous alignments were excluded.
MethylCoder applies a conversion of any residual bisulfite read cytosines into thymines, which leads to erroneous alignments, as discussed above.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com