And Collier himself provides no evidence that multiculturalism policies erode solidarity.
Relatively little has been written about the extent to which the welfare state or multiculturalism presuppose solidarity, create solidarity, or erode solidarity.
Of course, and as Kymlicka has registered, one feature of this formulation is how 'the US haunts this debate, as if its experience confirms some natural law that diversity erodes solidarity' (Banting & Kymlicka, 2006, p. 1).
Behind this focus there is the premise – a "corroding effect" in the words of Banting and Kymlicka (2006) – that "multiculturalism policies are said to erode solidarity because they emphasize differences between citizens, rather than commonalities" (p. 11).
Identical disputes over public money and how to spread it fairly are rife across large tracts of Europe, eroding national solidarity, feeding separatism, encouraging populism, and generating friction between Europe's wealthy centres of excellence and their less fortunate national hinterlands.
Internal rivalry eroded Timurid solidarity soon after Shāh Rokh's death.
In particular, does multiculturalism erode national solidarity, as the progressive dilemma asserts?11.
It would help if we could move beyond bare regression models to uncover some of the actual mechanisms that underpin (or erode) inclusive solidarity.
In this respect, we might argue that the kinds of cleavages that can erode social solidarity required for the welfare state has less to do with immigration, 'rather, it depends primarily on the level of immigrant economic and political incorporation' (Myles & St-Arnaud, 2006, p. 353).
It is the age where history as a "natural process" has replaced history as a fabric of actions and events, where homogeneity and conformity have replaced plurality and freedom, and where isolation and loneliness have eroded human solidarity and all spontaneous forms of living together.
Strong support for these groups will further erode European solidarity.
