These measurements and calculated moments allowed the development of three-parameter equivalent shape models based on rectangular parallelepipeds and tri-axial ellipsoids.
All types of three-parameter equivalent shape models considered provided acceptable accuracy in predicting both volume and surface area, with the box models being generally more physical and realistic than the ellipsoid-based equivalent shape models for the type of rocks considered.
A study of SOI microdosimeters in various radiation fields has demonstrated that under appropriate geometrical scaling, the response of SOI detectors with the well-known geometry of microscopically sensitive volumes will record the energy deposition spectra representative of tissue cells of an equivalent shape.
The magnetization vs. time (M t) curve and the field vs. time (H t) curve, being scaled to their maximum peaks, have an equivalent shape (Fig. 2a).
One possibility is to change the formulation of the interface energy (sigma (varvec{n})rightarrow sigma ^{(c)} varvec{n})) (Taylor and Cahn 1998) to its "convexified" form, but with equivalent Wulff shapes.
As for non-proportional damping, the equivalent mode shapes and their counterparts of the original system are almost the same except differing by a complex scaling factor.
As the squares of singular values are the bounds of power, energy and power spectral density ratios between the input and output vectors, shaping the singular values of a structure is equivalent to shaping the response of the structure.
As the squares of singular values are the bounds of power, energy and power spectral density ratios between the input and output vectors, shaping the singular values of a composite material is equivalent to shaping the response of the material.
The model converts the matrix-rich regions into equivalent penny shape crack sizes and predicts the matrix cracking stress with a fracture mechanics crack-bridging model.
This paper shows the development of important microwave passive component, rat-race hybrid coupler 180° for LTE higher (1.7 - 2.7 GHz) frequency band, which is obtained by replacing (3λ/4 -wave transmission line of a conventional coupler by their equivalent T-shape line section, resulting in significant size reduction.
