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When a difference is demonstrable, results are more robust for superiority trials, especially when sample size is not large, because noninferiority trials often yield wide confidence intervals, thereby subjecting the equivalency conclusion to criticism.
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A recent study comparing citrate 30% and heparin reported no differences in catheter flow problems and thrombosis, however there was a significant reduction in catheter related bacteremia for the citrate arm [ 12]. Conclusions regarding superiority, or even equivalency, of heparin and citrate for catheter patency can not be made based on the available evidence.
This suggests that for effects on WBCs mechanisms other than the Ah receptor may be involved and that general application of toxic equivalency factors based on dioxin may lead to erroneous conclusions.
Equivalency trials have important methodological limitations and must be rigorously performed if they are to produce reliable conclusions, for example needing substantially more patients than their placebo-controlled counterparts (Jones et al, 1996).
There is no equivalency.
That's a false equivalency.
energy equivalency or better".
There is no moral equivalency.
Such an equivalency is false.
But Hastings rejects moral equivalency.
I got my equivalency diploma.
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