Now, Express Scripts is using the same weapon employed by private equity and leveraging itself or borrowing against the combined company to try to win Caremark.
George Lewis Ohrstrom Jr., 78, chairman of a private equity and leveraged-buyout firm and scion of one of the wealthiest families in Virginia, died of pneumonia Oct. 6 at his home in The Plains.
Gores uses only his own money as equity and leverages against it.
Single-family and multi-family rentals, regardless of market condition, are always prime for acquisition because they give income, depreciation, equity, appreciation and leverage.
As debt got easier and easier to finance each year, that benefit was essentially passed along to equity holders and leverage was something that was rewarded and not punished.
Private-equity and leveraged-buyout outfits have been frantically trying to restructure the debt of overpriced deals done in boom times when credit flowed freely.
The Swiss National Bank has made it plain that it is eager for the two biggest banks in Switzerland, Credit Suisse and UBS, to have more equity and less leverage than it had demanded previously.
Bill Gates, numero uno on the Forbes list, and Warren Buffett, the runner-up, made their fortunes with sweat equity and no financial leverage.
This "safe-harbor" amount provides some protection against an IRS challenge that the entire transaction is really a gift, as the 10% safe-harbor gives the trust enough equity (and limits the leverage) for commercial viability.
Africans in the Diaspora, as partners in development, can take part in "active equity and debt investments" and leverage their expertise to expand local enterprises.
