Egalitarianism has mainly been a feature of high-tech firms, though not only of start-ups: the authors compiled figures on 100 big high-tech firms and found that on average employees owned 33% of those companies' equity, of which 14% was held by the top managers and 19% by other employees.
A growing number of the contracts are with large multinationals and companies backed by private equity, of which only seven have been terminated due to failings, a report by the independent think-tank Centre for Health and the Public Interest (CHPI) discovered.
Mr. Hatch of SG Cowan said two-thirds of the value of Liberty Media was in publicly traded equities, many of which have dramatically declined in the past 52 weeks.
Even before the deal, enba had raised some euro125m in equity capital, of which around euro100m went to first-e.
The credit line is subject to the sale of about $1.05 billion in new debt or equity, half of which has already been arranged.
In 2012 Terra Firma [the private equity firm of which Guy Hands is founder and chairman] purchased Four Seasons Healthcare, the UK's largest care home operator.
One of those is the board of KKR Financial, a finance firm affiliated with Kohlberg Kravis Roberts, the private equity firm of which Henry R. Kravis was a co-founder.
Also in this column were two financial businesses, Employers Reinsurance Corporation and GE Equity, both of which have given Mr Immelt headaches lately.
According to his analysis, assets in certain strategies — quantitative and long/short equity, both of which generally try to buy cheap stocks and sell expensive ones — have soared and returns have plummeted (these are data points, not conclusions).
According to a proposal by Bloomberg New Energy Finance, a research firm, it might consist of $30 billion of equity, some of which could be provided by developing-country investors, which would then be used to raise $70 billion of cheap debt, $50 billion of which would come from private lenders.
