Sentence examples for equilibrium transformation from inspiring English sources

When austenite is deformed above the equilibrium transformation temperature Ae3, it is dynamically transformed into Widmanstätten ferrite by a displacive mechanism.

That is the substantial energy reduction via a spontaneous equilibrium transformation from the complementarily charged individuals into agglomerated complexes.

In a different manner from previous works, this article introduces a hybrid energy transformation procedure composed of two successive steps: an equilibrium transformation via a linear algebraic approach, and an energy transformation via a perturbation approach.

The average interface velocities as measured by HT LSCM are in very good agreement with the velocities derived from dilatometric data, and those are predicted by a local equilibrium transformation model.

A method for the determination of the equilibrium transformation temperature (T0) in CuAlNi single crystalline alloys, by traditional uniform heating and cooling of the specimen under constant uniaxial applied stress, σ, is presented and the T0 functions are constructed.

A region of low ductility in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the fusion weld and in the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) of friction stir processed material was attributed to partial reversion of an equilibrium lamellar eutectoid constituent upon local heating above ∼800 °C and formation of non-equilibrium transformation products upon subsequent cooling.

Kinetic equations are derived for out-of-equilibrium transformations of the energy landscape after cooling from above Tc to some temperature T in the sub-Tg region.

Austenite formation, which originated from a fined-grained ferrite plus carbide microstructure, was observed during tensile testing at 973 K (60 K below Ae1, the equilibrium austenite pearlite transformation temperature).

Duplex and triplex microstructures consisting initially of ferrite plus carbide or of martensite, ferrite plus carbide, respectively, can undergo strain induced austenite formation during superplastic deformation at 30 K below Ae1 (Aequilibriumrium pearlite austenite transformation temperature) and low strain rate (e.g. 2×10−3 s−1).

Excellent superplasticity (elongation ∼720%) is observed in a novel multi-component (Mn S Cr Al alloyed) ultrahigh carbon steel during tensile testing at a strain rate of 2 × 10−3 s−1 and a temperature of 1053 K (just above the equilibrium austenite pearlite transformation temperature).

Model properties of uniqueness, inefficiency of equilibrium, and transformations that lead to an exact solution approach are presented.