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It is extremely mathematical, and normally expressed not in language but in the equations of calculus and statistics.
So far no one using the alternative approach has been able to match the equations of calculus in predicting, for example, the exact moment of last week's solar eclipse for any spot on the planet.
The Swiss mathematicians Daniel Bernoulli and Leonhard Euler, as well as the Italian-French mathematician Joseph-Louis Lagrange, further applied the new equations of calculus to waves in strings and in the air.
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Similarly, Catanuto et al. [5] formulated routing paths as equations of the calculus of variations which state that light follows the path that can be traversed in the least time, i.e., Fermat's principle.
The provided examples will illustrate that this technique is equivalent to Euler's equation of the calculus of variations; for the particular case where one of the variables do not appear explicitly.
Riewe [21, 22] formulated a version of the Euler-Lagrange equation for problems of calculus of variation with fractional derivatives.
They correspond to plate element equations governing stress resultants consistent in the reduction of 3-D equations through calculus of variations.
Morrey spaces were introduced by Morrey [24] in 1938 in connection with certain problems in elliptic partial differential equations and calculus of variations.
Since then many authors have investigated the dynamic equations, the calculus of variations and the optimal control problem on time scales (see [2 11]).
Football is a game of precise timing and geometry played on a numerical grid, and it might seem that Verner's study of calculus, differential equations, and integrals could be of help to him.
The fundamental solution or potential function of calculus governing equation and corresponding boundary conditions are sufficient to do numerical simulation.
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