Four tests were conducted: 1. Equal item variance: Items measuring the same concept should have roughly equal standard deviations and should be around 1.0 (for 5-choice response scales) [ 13]. 2. Equality of item-scale correlations: Items in each scale should contain approximately the same proportion of information about the concept being measured.
The equality of item-scale correlations was assessed based on each item's contribution to the total score of the hypothesised scale, and when these correlations ranged from 0.40 to 0.70 it was assumed that the item contributed substantially to the score.
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Differences in model assumptions should be taken into account when choosing a model and model choice should be motivated by taking the discrimination equality of the items and the number of (ordered) response categories into consideration [ 15, 22- 24].
When using IRT analysis, however, the differences in model assumptions should be taken into account and the final model choice should be motivated by considering aspects such as the unidimensionality and the discrimination equality of the items [ 60].
The only scaling assumption not fully satisfied was the lack of equality in the item-scale correlations of RE3 and the other RE items and of MH3 and the other MH items.
Measurement invariance will be evaluated first by examining the equivalence of item factor loadings across the two models (weak measurement invariance) and second, by adding the equality constraint of item (indicator) intercepts (strong measurement invariance) across the two models.
Equality restrictions of item parameters showing the highest changes in the above indices were lifted until model fit was adequate.
A similar pattern of results was found when comparing across phases of pregnancy: configural and weak invariance assumptions held, but equality constraints on item intercepts led to significant worsening of model.
However, additional equality constraints on item intercepts led to non-ignorable changes in CFI values: ΔCFI = .014 for feeling fat-general, ΔCFI = .018 for feeling fat – clothing specific, ΔCFI = .067 for attractiveness, ΔCFI = .019 for salience, and ΔCFI = .019 for strength and fitness.
