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The energy flow in such structures is then considered, and it is formally proved that the energy velocity is always equal to the group velocity for an undamped system.
Each group consists of elements that have similar electronic structures characterized by completely filled inner electron shells and by a number of electrons in their outermost shells equal to the group number.
The valence of the elements (that is, the number of bonds formed with a standard element) is closely correlated with position in the periodic table, the elements in the main groups having maximum positive valence, or oxidation number, equal to the group number and maximum negative valence equal to the difference between eight and the group number.
Since KWs are gravity waves, (overline {mathbf {V}^ p^) becomes equal to the group velocity times wave energy.
Assuming that the observed radio bursts are related to whistler-mode waves, the speed of the motion of the emission source is equal to the group velocity of whistler-mode wave packets.
If this process succeeds, the back-end database check if the GI j used to compute the I D j / is equal to the group index GI i that contains the matching I D j /.
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The number of shared alleles between groups was estimated in random subsamples of each group with size equal to the smallest group sample size.
Include people from local ethnic or minority groups in a manner equal to the dominant group.
As shown in Fig. 7, at the concentration of 20 μg/ml, the cell viability of CHA groups was higher than or equal to the HA group.
To calculate the intervention effect, it is assumed that the effect on PA in non-responding participants at 12-months was equal to the control group (in similar age and gender subgroups).
We compared the landscape preferences of ANN which used only the landscape element value extracted from normalization function with observer groups and verified that the landscape preference of ANN on each landscape is equal to the observer groups.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com