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The transport coefficient describing the diffusion thermoeffect must be equal to the coefficient describing thermal diffusion, according to the reciprocal relations central to the thermodynamics of irreversible processes.
Law of mass action, law stating that the rate of any chemical reaction is proportional to the product of the masses of the reacting substances, with each mass raised to a power equal to the coefficient that occurs in the chemical equation.
In o/w type emulsions (oil as the dispersed and water as the continuous phase) of n-alkans (the system with negative spreading coefficient) the mass transfer coefficient kLw is not affected by the content of the oil phase, and is equal to the coefficient of mass transfer into a pure aqueous phase.
We then used these uncertainties to calculate fractional standard deviations (equal to the coefficient of variation, the standard deviation divided by the mean value) for each per-animal carbon flux quantity in each global region.
Observing the coefficients of the Novikov equation (1), we see that the coefficient of u 2 u x is equal to the coefficient of u u x u x x plus the coefficient of u 2 u x x x.
The RMS deviation is approximately equal to the coefficient of variation of signals, and is an estimate of the proportional error of the measurement.
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Then the output coefficients A i are equal to the coefficients p i and the final conic section parameters are k i and R i (Note that the described algorithm also works with negative values of R).
Here, the main idea is that we employ a truncated series of shifted Legendre polynomials to approximate the unknown function, and the fractional-differential operator of this truncated series is expanded by shifted Legendre polynomials themselves (see, Theorem 2.2), and then the coefficients of this series are taken to be equal to the coefficients of the right-hand side expansion.
Table 15 presents the P values for the correlation coefficients of AnnSim considering the null hypothesis that AnnSim coefficient is equal to the coefficients of the similarity measures presented in Table 3.
This approach offers a sound method of hypothesis testing on whether the regression coefficients estimated over one group of data are equal to the coefficients estimated over another [ 20].
Contents sliding spectra due to impulse records are developed as a function of normalised friction coefficient, equal to the friction coefficient divided by the structural spectral acceleration in terms of gravity, for structures with different periods.
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