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This requires equal segregation of the duplicated chromosomes (sister chromatids) during mitosis followed by cytoplasmic division to form two separate cells.
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During the proliferation of normal cells, the centrosome ensures the equal segregation of chromosomes to the postmitotic daughter cells by organizing the bipolar mitotic spindle.
The spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) in budding yeast is a prominent example of a checkpoint that coordinates cell division with cell polarity; mitotic exit is delayed by the activity of SPOC if the spindles are not correctly oriented in a manner to ensure equal segregation of chromosomes into the mother and daughter cells (Pereira and Yamashita, 2011).
An accurate centrosome number and organisation is critical in the equal segregation of chromosomes to daughter cells during mitosis.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.02978.002 Mitosis creates two genetically identical daughter cells through the equal segregation of sister chromatids.
The equal segregation of sister chromatids to daughter cells will occur only when sister kinetochores are attached to microtubules from opposite poles (amphitelic attachment or biorientation).
The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) in animals and yeast assures equal segregation of chromosomes during cell division.
Gie/Arl8 is essential for equal segregation of chromosomes in mammalian cells and Drosophila [78].
Sire-offspring pairs were compared for consistency with Mendelian inheritance and sire families for equal segregation of sire alleles.
Centrosomes are crucially involved in the maintenance of genomic stability by organizing a bipolar mitotic spindle ensuring equal segregation of replicated chromosomes to daughter cells [ 7].
Fission likely acts instead to facilitate equal segregation of mitochondria into daughter cells during cell division and to enhance distribution of mitochondria along cytoskeletal tracks.
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