At least, they argue, the Plessy separate-but-equal regime guaranteed an "equal" education, and when it was denied, as it uniformly was, black students had a legal claim for improving their schools.
As it can be easily checked, the total distortion of the proposed method is much less than that of the nonoptimal equal-share regime because the philosophy behind the resource allocation process in the equal-share scenario is far apart from that of the proposed distortion-minimal algorithm.
A parsimony analysis of the complete molecular data set performed under equal-costs regime produced a single, well-resolved optimal cladogram (L = 6027, CI = 0.56, RI = 0.86; Figures 2, 3).
A parsimony analysis of the reduced molecular data set performed under equal-costs regime resulted in a single well-supported (JK = 97-100) cLadogram (L = 3,094, CI = 70.43, RI = 67.40; Figure 9b).
Speculating, given the equal watering regimes used in all experimental units, the plastic barrier could have reduced water flow beyond the rooting zone of B. tectorum and essentially provided greater water availability.
Despite the high support values (JK = 100%; BrS = 6) obtained under the equal-costs regime, the monophyly of this clade was recovered in only 41% of alignment parameter combinations.
These analyses were based on the implied alignment corresponding to the single optimal cladogram obtained from the parsimony analysis of the combined data performed by direct optimization under the equal-cost regime for the combined molecular character data set.
The Ostreoidea was identified as an immediate outgroup to the Pterioidea with high support (JK = 100%; BrS = 18) under equal-cost regime, but the Pterioidea/Ostreoidea sister-group relationship was highly sensitive to alignment ambiguity and was obtained for only four (18%) combinations of alignment parameters.
The results of the sensitivity analysis are shown as binary plots (Tv/Ts ratio on horizontal and indel/substitution ratio on vertical axes) to designate presence or absence of every clade recovered in the analysis of the complete data set under equal-costs regime.
A parsimony analysis of the combined morphological and the reduced molecular data sets (hereafter referred to as the "combined reduced data set") performed under equal-costs regime produced a single, highly supported tree (L = 3425, CI = 68.85, RI = 66.14; Figure 9c).
However, using the amounts borrowed from different sources as reported in our household survey and assuming a standard period of 12 months for all loans, an equal monthly repayment regime, and the following interest rates per annum (48% - moneylenders, 24% - microfinance, 12.5% - banks [ 12, 34]), we can estimate the additional cost of the interest payment on the loans.
