Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a hyperadrenergic syndrome that may follow acute brain injury characterized by episodic, hyperadrenergic alterations in vital signs.
To characterize the functional neuroanatomy of late-life depression (LLD) by probing for both episodic and persistent alterations in the executive-control circuit of elderly adults.
Thus, frontal alterations could contribute to episodic memory impairment even if alcoholic patients present genuine episodic memory deficits that cannot be regarded solely as the consequences of executive dysfunctions [2].
State-related brain structural alterations in patients with episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) are unclear.
Conversely, Need et al. did not identify microstructural white matter alterations in chronic and episodic migraine patients [22].
Notably, even though the results found in the cerebellum are in agreement with previous studies showing cerebellar damage in alcohol-dependence [59], [60], [61], such an alteration does not correlate with episodic memory impairment in alcoholics in the present study.
Similarly, conservatory adaptations in the genotype of populations that have undergone rapid transition from episodic undernutrition to plentiful food supply results in alterations of genotype, referred to as the 'Thrifty Genotype' hypothesis.
These observations support the view that DTI is a useful in vivo tool for identifying microstructural cerebral pathology in alcohol dependence and, more specifically to our study, provide preliminary evidence suggesting microstructural alteration as an underlying mechanism for episodic memory impairment in this pathology.
Although the authors only suggest the use of episodic memory, it is likely that semantic memory also influences the alterations of perception.
Despite spasmolytic effects of butylscopolamine, transient alterations of the JZ, such as peristaltic waves or episodic contractions of the neometra, may occur and have to be excluded.
