Reported injuries are defined as those associated with healthcare utilization (hospital stay, outpatient visit, ED visit, home health episode, prescribed medication purchase, or medical provider visit), the reason for one or more episodes of disability days or any condition "bothering" the person during the reference period (AHRQ 2006).
Episodes of disability were described as health-related setbacks that manifested from HIV disease or its associated treatments.
Participants described at length the events that initiated major or momentous episodes of disability, which constituted the final component of the framework.
Thirty-one deaths were reported (1.4% total reports), 56 episodes of disability (2.4%), 233 life-threatening complications (10.2%), and 943 other serious adverse events (41.2%).
10 Episodes of disability are characterized by these authors as "health-related setbacks that manifest from HIV disease, its treatments or conditions".
Episodes of disability may be exacerbated by extrinsic factors (stigma and lack of social support) and intrinsic contextual factors (aging, comorbidities) adding further complexity to the nature and extent of disability experienced by people living with HIV [ 11].
The prescription of X-rays was associated with having previously had more than 2 episodes of low back pain, longer duration of the current episode, greater degree of disability, greater intensity of leg pain, and greater limitation in the SLR test.
Features of this framework include the episodic nature of disability, a working definition of the term episodic disability, uncertainty as a key dimension of disablement, contextual factors that influence disability and triggers that initiate major episodes.
One practical ramification of this observation is that an MS patient who has migraine with aura may need to be aggressively treated for migraine in order to prevent not only his migraines, but also prolonged episodes of neurological disability that may be triggered by migraine aura.
In 80 85% of cases, initial progression of MS is characterized by episodes of neurological disability and recovery.
