Based on epidemiological observations and simulation techniques it is possible to extend observed short term data into anticipated long term results.
The potential beneficial effects of EGCG (and possibly other tea and coffee polyphenolic compounds) on brain catecholamine metabolism and neuronal survival as observed in this study shed a mechanistic light on these intriguing epidemiological observations.
The widespread use of these drugs has enabled epidemiological observations of lowered cancer incidence37, but the mechanistic details are still not fully understood.
Human population studies involve clinical or epidemiological observations that associate environmental exposures with health endpoints and disease.
The ultimate goal is that experimental and mechanistic data can lend support and biological plausibility to the human epidemiological observations.
That and other epidemiological observations, as well as experimental evidence in animal models, have established a clear association between HBV and liver cancer.
Mathematical models that synthesize the best available data while ensuring consistency with epidemiological observations can project outcomes beyond those reported in clinical trials, can provide insights into cost-effectiveness, and can be modified as new information becomes available (Garnett et al, 2006; Goldie et al, 2007).
Epidemiological observations, namely broader geographic distribution and lack of landscape-level mortality, led to the hypothesis they are native to this region, whereas multiple lines of evidence indicate P. ramorum is exotic to North America.
Epidemiological observations of recent trends and newly identified determinants of coronary disease and the results of substantial pathophysiological studies of the conversion from chronic coronary disease to an acute event provide the basis for new hypotheses about the triggering mechanisms.
Our model predicts that partially resistant parasites are more likely to spread in low-transmission areas, but fully resistant parasites are more likely to spread under conditions of high transmission, which is consistent with some epidemiological observations.
The view of migraine as a genetic disorder, initially based on epidemiological observations of transmission of the condition within families, was subsequently confirmed by the identification of monogenic forms of "syndromic" migraine, such as familial hemiplegic migraine.
