In addition, efficient substrate channelling and lipid synthesis could depend on specific endoplasmic reticulum subdomain localisation for key endogenous enzymes, and this organization could be compromised in heterologous systems.
Of the proteins regulated by FLT3 many fall within expected protein types, such as adaptor/scaffold, proteins involved in cytoskeletal organization, enzymes, serine/threonine kinases, and tyrosine kinases (Figure 2A).
Moreover it enables us to specifically control the stoichiometry of the enzymes and their organization on the cell surface.
In mammals, four classes of HDAC exist [ 4, 5], with classification based on sequence homology to the original yeast enzymes and domain organization.
Indeed, Cel9A was chosen because L. phytofermentans is also a mesophilic organism and for the reason that the enzyme displays an original organization, which is not found among the various GH9 synthesized by R. cellulolyticum or any cellulosome-producing bacteria known to date.
Several genes related to autophagy (ATG7, SQSTM1, ULK2), the glycolytic enzyme HK3 and cytoskeleton organization like RAC1 among others were also selected.
From the point of view of protein stability the organization of enzyme active sites is inherently unstable because these sites are optimized for catalysis, which means they are pre-organized to stabilize the transition state(s), rather than the protein [15], [16].
This study of Colias PEPCK, like our earlier work [ 39], engages diverse processes which can shape natural variation, from protein-specific structural predispositions or constraints to epistatic interaction among nearby enzyme steps, systemic pathway organization and enzymes' roles in it, or "global" issues of energy allocation or network connectedness.
