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To what extent, if any, is human personality or character genetically rather than environmentally determined?
They asked each twin to complete questionnaires measuring procrastination, impulsivity, and goal management, so that they could evaluate the extent to which those characteristics and behaviors are genetically, as opposed to environmentally, determined.
We refer to these associations as environmentally determined genetic expression (EDGE) affects.
Thus, it is suggested, that part of the variability seen in herd compositions is environmentally determined, with herders making decisions based on the animals' biological and behavioural characteristics.
In addition, it is unclear if some of the clinical symptoms are more genetically determined and some are more environmentally determined.
The tips of human digits are characterized with genetically and environmentally determined series of ridges and furrows, generally referred to as fingerprints (Cummins and Midlo 1943; Holt 1952; Holt 1968; Schaumann and Alter 1976; Reed et al. 2006).
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Individual development, their study indicated, is neither wholly preordained genetically, nor is it wholly determined environmentally.
Our study clearly shows that the ventral colouration of common lizards is partly determined environmentally and it suggests that belly colouration may be a condition-dependent trait.
Heritability is the proportion of a traits interindividual phenotypic variation that is not environmentally but genetically determined.
It has been shown that the shrub vs. vine growth forms in Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & A.Gray) Greene are determined environmentally, mainly by support availability (Gartner 1991).
3. Environmentally or genetically determined increases in Cu levels might augment susceptibility to infection with intracellular pathogens, by causing a decrease in IFN-γ production.
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