Two prominent environmental control rules, namely command-and-control and cap-and-trade were examined by applying the proposed policy.
Although the idea suggested of IMO to enforce the international METS program is not in line with the current functionality of this international body, we think that IMO, as a regulator coordinator, does have economic tools for enforcement and compliance to protect the public interest (preserving the marine environmental resources): command and control, taxes, subsidies, etc.
In some spheres of environmental management, command-and-control instruments are being replaced, or at least supplemented, by economic instruments designed to penalize those whose actions harm others (Stavins 2003) or to incentivize those whose actions benefit others (Kinzig et al. 2011).
On September 8, the central government, fearing a political disaster as well as the environmental impact, took command of the operation to stem the flow, control the flood (which now covers about 400 hectares (1,000 acres) and supervise the social programmes for the affected communities.
Further, Mr. Bush appears to have forgotten that Republicans inevitably self-destruct when they challenge environmental values that command public support.
This study introduced an original interdisciplinary assessment model of PBC for SO2 emission control in Chinese coal power plants that involves key environmental policies including command-and-control regulations, market-based approaches, and administrative measures, as well as technology, market, and capital variables.
Time and time again we have seen the RCMP act violently to defend environmental destruction at the command of corporations.
A fellow environmental activist and second in command at the Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras (COPINH), Tomás feared he would be next.
We also often talk about the command to be environmental stewards, citing genesis 2 15, in which God tells Adam to "till and tend" the Garden of Eden.
There have been many papers which have compared the costs of attaining environmental objectives with MBIs and with command and control instruments.
The minister was initially opposed, but Weisser was insistent, and he eventually set up a face-to-face meeting with the environmental office's second-in-command.
