Sentence examples for entry and spread from inspiring English sources

Appropriate biosecurity measures need to be designed to prevent disease entry and spread within a swine operation, which in turn helps to keep all pigs and piglets healthy.

The continuous and slow spread of certain flaviviruses, such as Dengue viruses, and the recent entry and spread of West Nile virus to the American continent, point to the need to control these infections.

Similarly, due to a close physical contact with the intestinal epithelial cells, the intraepithelial lymphocytes represent an important part of the gut lymphoid tissue, contrasting the entry and spread of pathogens.

In the presence of inflammatory stimuli, the TCRαβ+ IELs up-regulate the activating NKRs, produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, as TNF-α and IFN-γ, and trigger the lysis of infected enterocytes by releasing both perforin and granzyme B and thus preventing the entry and spread of pathogens.

Our estimate indicates a human entry and spread of the pan-American haplogroups into the Americas right after the peak of the Last Glacial Maximum and comfortably agrees with the undisputed ages of the earliest Paleoindians in South America.

Pretreatment with this peptide has been shown to prevent virus entry and spread of virus infection.

The same could be predicted for α-Syn pathology, antibodies against PrPC could prevent α-Syn amyloids binding to PrPC, thus precluding cell entry and spreading of synucleopathies.

In conclusion, data provided herein demonstrated that an impaired host defense against HSV-1 infection in the susceptible DA strain with delayed infiltration of macrophages as well as early recruitment of NK and T cells to the infection site and reduced activation of Tlr2 and -9 influenced HSV-1 entry, replication and spread to the CNS.

The pathogenesis of viral invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) involves many distinct steps, including replication at the primary site of infection, entry into and spread within the CNS, replication in neural tissue, host immune response, and tissue injury [15], [2], [4].

Macrophages were infected with GFP-expressing bacteria and assessed on three different parameters: entry, cytotoxicity, and spread.

Finally, several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated entry, recruitment, and spread of misfolded α-syn and tau seeds to neighboring cells and/or anatomically connected brain regions (Costanzo and Zurzolo, 2013; Guo and Lee, 2014).