It has been suggested that two pairs of Arabidopsis CYPs, AtCYP18-3 and AtCYP19-1, and AtCYP18-4 and AtCYP19-2, arose by gene duplication, implying that the gene duplication occurred only in the Arabidopsis lineage because of divergence of the lineage between O. sativa and Arabidopsis, and these two pair of genes may entail redundancy [ 15, 46].
He was aware that a restructure – which would inevitably entail redundancies – would not be universally popular: "Any form of restructuring however light it is, is always detested.
Yet, previous stringent EPL rules for open-ended contracts (entailing high redundancy pay) remained effectively unchanged (see, e.g., Dolado et al. 2002 and Bentolila et al. 2008).
A serious cost-reduction program would also entail thousands of redundancies; Waters and Mishkin reported that 16,000 jobs were eliminated in May 2014 and that the total number of forecast job cuts might go to 50,000 (Financial Times).
The paper presents a model predictive allocation scheme for constrained over-actuated linear systems, for which input redundancy entails the existence of multiple trajectories in the state space yielding a given reference output.
Furthermore, there are significant risks that the abolition of PCTs and strategic health authorities will entail major costs in redundancies and subsequent re-employment of staff in NHS commissioning boards (described by the government as "retaining the best talent from PCTs and SHAs in the new system").
Interactions with loops entail positive or negative redundancies (Krippendorff 2009a).
'Holistic' notions are highly comprehensive and inclusive, but entail evaluation problems without being defied from producing redundancy (see Additional file 1).
Here, BPP selection entails minimizing the original variables in the AAindex by elimination of redundancy, high collinearity, and less informative variables whilst maintaining a sufficiently parsimonious set of the original BPP properties represented in the AAindex.
Tier four offers maximum levels of storage which entails, for example, having duplicated systems for cooling, power, network links with redundancy built into the infrastructure and compartmentalised security zones controlled by biometric access control methods.
The diversity of what is understood to be 'global' [ 29] obviously entails evaluation challenges, however, it is crucial that an analytical framework minimises redundancy and provides clarity about the object of the assessment.
