In Abood, Justice Potter Stewart, an Eisenhower appointee, wrote of "the great responsibilities" that unions have representing workers, duties that "often entail expenditure of much time and money", including the "services of lawyers, expert negotiators, economists, and a research staff".
Such preliminary adjudications would entail considerable expenditures of judicial time and resources, costs scarcely anticipated by Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 23(c)(1)(A), which instructs that the decision whether to certify a class action be made "[a]t an early practicable time". If the class is certified, materiality might have to be shown all over again at trial.
As opposed to the claim that open access means a less costly system, in reality it entails redundant expenditures and inflationary pressures.The true significance of open access, involving processes of institutional development of the system, has not entered into the public debate.
Aristotle and Plato believed that the higher orders of pleasure entailed an expenditure of intellectual effort.
The first route entails unavoidable expenditure, but both also involve potentially lucrative benefits for innovative businesses providing solutions.
This type of solution might, however, entail higher investment expenditures due to very high parameters of the inlet steam (reheated steam).
Captures only those projects that entail a capital expenditure of Rs.10 million or more.
Conventional methods mainly involve considerable chemical dosing or energy expenditures entailing high cost but limited benefits.
Importantly, we also find that the distances that free range pigs move on a daily basis (mean of 4.1 km during daylight and 4.5 km at night) are likely to entail high energy expenditure.
Though few concepts require all-or-nothing investments, as the launch of Federal Express did, many do entail substantial up-front expenditures.
Road pavements design and construction solutions affect maintenance works during service life, which not only entail economical and financial expenditures but also damage service regularity for users.
