Sentence examples for ensemble of observations from inspiring English sources

Ensemble of observations.

McPherron (1970) added the growth phase to the description of substorms based primarily on ground and space magnetic signatures and related the ensemble of observations to changes in the magnetosphere as a whole.

An ensemble of observations is generated by adding perturbations with zero mean and covariance equal to the measurement error covariance matrix to the true observation vector at time, t (Burgers et al. 1998).

Algorithms of this type include quasi-linear estimation, randomized maximum likelihood, perturbed observation ensemble Kalman filter, and ensemble of perturbed analyses (4D-Var).

In black are the ensemble of COV-OBS.x1 observations (one σ uncertainties are indicated by the grey shaded area), in red the stochastic forecast realizations (one σ uncertainties are indicated by the red shaded area), in green the ensemble average COV-OBS.x1 model, and in blue the ensemble average stochastic forecast.

Error in reconstruction can be reduced by increasing the ensemble size and number of observations.

(B) and (D) Percentage of the cells (for individual PCA) and percentage of the pools of observations (for ensemble PCA) in which each CPC k was identified (k  = 1 − 5).

The data come from one of the 10 pools of observations on which ensemble PCA was applied.

Each column shows the CPCs identified in WT cells, for each one of the 10 pools of observations over which ensemble PCA was applied.

Fig. 12 Maps of observations (colored circles) and model ensemble means of atmospheric 137Cs concentration in a 3/18/18 h and b 3/19/12 h.

Fig. 9 a f Maps of observations (colored circles) and model ensemble means of atmospheric 137Cs concentration from 3/15/9 h to 3/16/9 h.