Sweeping education reforms in 1992 not only relaxed enrolment rules in the state sector, allowing students to attend schools outside their own municipality, but also let them take their state funding to private schools, including religious ones and those operating for profit.
Leaving aside country-specific differences in labor market institutions, detailed program characteristics, and enrolment rules, the overall picture of the employment effects of these programs tend to be positive.4 Whether these programs reach their purposes for immigrants (like for natives) is not clear ex ante and varying impacts can occur for a number of reasons.
It highlighted new costs for employers from the recently introduced national living wage and auto-enrolment rules on pensions.
The auto-enrolment rules are set to be rolled out to smaller employers over the next six years in a bid to encourage more people to save for retirement, but the report published by the Pensions Institute at Cass Business School warns that some members could end up missing out on valuable retirement income due to the scheme their employer has selected.
The figures are revealed in a Pensions Regulator report which shows that 4,818 compliance notices have been issued to firms that have failed to comply with pension auto-enrolment rules in time, while 1,594 £400 fines have been issued.
But, perhaps understandably, about 90% of those that take out a DC pension choose the default fund, says de Valois, and with up to 10 million more people set to take out a pension under the government's new auto-enrolment rules, that's an awful lot of people trusting in City whizzkids – the ones that hardly covered themselves in glory during the financial crisis – to provide for their retirement.
Despite our ability to adjust for prevalence of certain diseases or poor perceived health at study enrolment, we cannot completely rule out the potential influence of co-morbidity on cancer survival according to smoking status.
The study employed a Simon two-stage design with early stopping rules to preempt enrolment in the event of insufficient activity or excessive toxicity (Chen and Ng, 1998).
Also, in 1973, the Policy of standardization was implemented by the Sri Lankan government, supposedly to rectify disparities in university enrolment created under British colonial rule.
Despite our careful design, we cannot exclude a selection bias at the patient level, possibly due to non-adherence to the rules of consecutive patient enrolment on the side of the physicians.
In the same study the use of the rule of 60% group enrolment before being allowed to access benefits was referred to as one of the measures against adverse selection in the Kisiizi CHI scheme.
