E-box motifs are enriched at boundaries of TS-HMRs in both cell types, particularly for HMRs with a nucleosome at the boundary.
A recent study on Fe Pt alloy films, where one species enriched the boundaries, was shown to manipulate the stress from tensile-to-compressive as a function of composition.
Consistent with this, repeating stripes of Fgf3, a boundary cell marker (Mahmood et al., 1995; Sela-Donenfeld et al., 2009) and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan 1 (CSPG1), an extracellular matrix protein enriched at boundaries (Heyman et al., 1995) are both suppressed (Fig. 2B,B′; data not shown).
Fully variable escape genes were not enriched in boundaries (p value >0.95) whereas mostly variable escape and discordant genes each had an approximately threefold enrichment (from 2 to 6%% of genes for mostly variable escape (p value <5*10−4) and from 7 to 20 % for discordant genes (p value < 4*10−7)) (Fig. 4c).
Furthermore, they also observed that Alu/B1 and B2 elements in mice and Alu elements in humans are enriched at boundary regions of domains, indicating a role for TEs in the spatial organization of the genome.
One could see that H3K4me1, H3K4me2, H3K4me3 and H3K9me1, all of which were reported to be positively correlated with transcriptional levels[32] [34], are enriched in boundary regions (H3K4me3 is also enriched inside U-CGIs).
Two factors are enriched at boundary sequences, TFIIIC and Epe1.
Chromium is enriched at grain boundaries prior to irradiation, likely due to grain boundary carbides, and increases further during irradiation at least partially due to radiation-induced segregation.
To investigate whether some important functional elements were enriched in the boundaries between adjacent clusters in a cell-type-specific manner, we classified the boundaries in the GM06990 cell line into two types: common boundaries (those that were also cluster boundaries in K562 cell line) and GM-specific boundaries (those within clusters or with the minus state in K562).
However, when HMR boundaries are set using the first unmethylated CG, we find a striking pattern in both cell types with nucleosomes enriched at the boundaries with a periodic array of nucleosomes propagating into the methylated region.
To develop high-performance anode materials of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) for practical high energy application, a grain boundaries enriched hierarchically mesoporous MnO/C microsphere composite has been fabricated by an in-situ carbonization process.
