Prodrugs can be prepared to enhance transporter-mediated absorption and to improve metabolic stability.
Second, although pmCiC by itself can transport citrate in an electrogenic manner, there might be another auxiliary protein enhancing transporter activity and/or its K+ dependence.
It is tempting to speculate that patients with a high SLC22A1 methylation phenotype and silenced transporter expression may exhibit chemoresistance, whereas patients with a low methylation phenotype and enhanced transporter expression may respond to chemotherapy.
It is likely that the expression levels of these kinase genes increased in rice seedlings under low-K+ conditions to regulate ion transporters, thereby enhancing transporter-mediated K+-uptake in rice roots.
PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase; PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homologue; mTORC1, mTOR complex 1. PI3K, a well-known oncoprotein, regulates glucose consumption through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to enhance glucose transporter expression and phosphofructokinase activity, thereby promoting glycolysis (DeBerardinis et al., 2008).
(D ) Elevating ambient glutamate by blocking transporters with dl-TBOA, or decreasing it by enhancing glutamate transporter function with NDGA, or upregulating glutamate transporter expression using ceftriaxone bidirectionally regulated mEPSC frequency in cultured cortical neurons.
In support of this, we show that modulation of glutamate transporter function, in vivo, bidirectionally regulates excitatory synaptic transmission and that enhancing glutamate transporter function suppresses depression-like behavior while increasing excitatory synaptic drive in PFC.
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), which is well known as an oncoprotein, can regulate glucose consumption through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thereby enhancing glucose transporter expression and phosphofructokinase activity (DeBerardinis et al., 2008).
Pretreatment with CNB-001 (24 mg/kg) not only ameliorated behavioral anomalies but also synergistically enhanced monoamine transporter expressions and cosseted mitochondria by virtue of its antioxidant action.
Based upon our in vitro results, we therefore hypothesized that enhancing glutamate transporter function should suppress depression-like behavior and increase mEPSC frequency, in vivo.
Enhanced glucose transporter levels have been suggested to compensate for the lack of glucose availability to the brain in ischemic conditions.
