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Computational methods originally developed for analysis in engineering have been applied to the analysis of biological materials for many years.
Using a thermodynamic approach, principles of corrosion engineering have been applied to the specific application of phase change heat transfer devices.
Hybrid approaches of both classical and modern treatments involving bioactive substances and nanotechnology, materials design, and engineering have been applied in prototype systems aiming to interfere with the virulence of microorganisms, to reduce the adhesion, initiation, and maturation of biofilms.
To achieve such goal, many strategies (such as the intercalation of carbon materials, surface modification, and structural engineering) have been applied to alleviate the aggregation level of GR in order to enhance the performance of GR-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors.
Taking advantage of the "omics" technology, the stress response and defense mechanism of yeast cells during ethanol fermentation were further explored, and the newly emerged tools such as genome shuffling and global transcription machinery engineering have been applied to breed stress resistant yeast strains for ethanol production.
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Software product line (SPL) engineering has been applied in several domains, especially in large-scale software development.
This industry is the most important of the region and has historically been a handicraft activity and little engineering has been applied.
Engineering has been applied in order to alter a protein's immunological or pharmacokinetic profile, or in order to generate novel fusion products.
Metabolic engineering has been applied to improve and change the existing metabolic activities of several bacteria and yeasts for the production of industrial chemicals.
In order to improve access to therapeutic polyketide compounds, heterologous metabolic engineering has been applied to transfer polyketide genetic pathways from often fastidious native hosts to more industrially-amenable heterologous hosts such as Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, or Streptomyces coelicolor.
This review addresses how crystal engineering has been applied to active pharmaceutical ingredients, API's, with emphasis upon how pharmaceutical co-crystals, a long known but little explored alternative to the four traditionally known forms of API, can be generated in a rational fashion.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com